Laboratory water supply system includes experimental water supply system, domestic water supply system and fire water supply system. The experimental water supply system is divided into general experimental water and experimental pure water, laboratory pure water system is an independent water supply system, will be explained in the chapter of "Laboratory pure Water System". The domestic water supply system and fire water supply system are consistent with the general building water supply system, and the general experimental water supply system can usually be combined into one system.

 

Different laboratories have different requirements for experimental water. The circulating cooling water quality of experimental instruments should meet the different requirements for water quality of all kinds of instruments. Where the experiments of strong acid, strong alkali and highly toxic liquid are carried out and splash explosion is possible, emergency spraying facilities should be set up nearby. When the head of emergency eye flusher is greater than 1m, decompression measures should be taken. Sterile room and the laboratory of radioactive isotope with hot water shower, faucet with foot switch, elbow type switch or photoelectric switch, such as using radioactive isotope laboratory research, the life and the unity of fire water supply system, water pollution area must pass break tank, indoor fire hydrant should be set in a clean area, water supply pipe entrance clean areas should be set up normally, Adopt up and down feed water network to avoid spreading pollution.

 

The indoor fire water supply system includes common fire water supply system, automatic spray fire water supply system and water curtain fire water supply system. Laboratory building, warehouse and other buildings should set up outdoor fire water supply system when necessary, which is composed of outdoor fire water supply pipeline, outdoor fire hydrant, fire pump and so on.


Two, laboratory water supply method

 

Laboratory water supply system shall ensure that the necessary pressure, water quality and water quantity, for large top lab building, the outdoor pipe network can not meet the requirement of the upper laboratory water, or in the outdoor pipe network pressure periodically shortage, especially in order to ensure the safety of the laboratory water, should be set or roof water tank and pump pressure equipment, layout for the upper laboratory use. For the chemical laboratory, due to the setting of emergency shower, emergency eye wash, etc., the water flow should be large enough to open the release valve reaction should be fast. Common water supply methods are as follows:

 

1. Direct water supply. Under the condition that the number of outer layers of the laboratory is not high and the water pressure and quantity can be met, direct water supply can be generally adopted. In this way, there is no pressurized indoor pump, usually connected to the outdoor water supply network.

 

2. Water supply mode with high water tank. This method can be used when the water pressure in the outdoor pipe network decreases during the peak period of water use, so that the water pressure in the upper floor of the building cannot be met, or when the water pressure in the outdoor pipe network is periodically insufficient.

 

3, with pressurized water pump water supply mode. This method can be used when the water pressure of the outdoor pipe network is lower than the water pressure required for experiments, life and fire fighting, and the water consumption is uneven.

 

Three, laboratory drainage system

 

The laboratory drainage system is set up according to the composition, nature, flow and discharge rules of the laboratory wastewater. For the cooling water drainage of laboratory equipment or other wastewater containing only harmless suspended solids or colloids and not seriously polluted can not be treated, directly discharged to the outdoor drainage network. For the waste water containing a variety of components, toxic and harmful substances, can interact with each other, damage pipelines or cause accidents, should be separated from domestic sewage, pretreatment to make it meet the national standards before being discharged into the outdoor drainage network or diversion discharge. For the relatively pure solvent waste liquid or valuable reagents, it is advisable to recycle after technical and economic comparison. If the discharged wastewater needs to be reused, it should be treated accordingly. For the drainage system of radioisotope laboratory, the long-life and short-life radionuclide wastewater should be separated, and the flow direction of the wastewater should be from the clean area to the contaminated area. The layout and laying of the radionuclide drainage pipes and the selection of pipes and accessories should comply with the provisions of the Radiation Protection Regulations.


Four, laboratory water supply and drainage system design matters needing attention

 

1. The water supply and drainage system of the laboratory should be designed scientifically to ensure that the drinking water source is not polluted. If the water source of the experimental water is different from that of the drinking water, the faucet of the drinking water and the experimental water should be marked separately to avoid confusion.

 

2. The laboratory building should be equipped with a backup water source. When the water supply of the public tap water system is insufficient or stopped, the backup water source can ensure the normal supply of cooling water for various instruments, water for eye washers, water for distillers and water for distilling bottles and condensing pipes.

 

3, the water supply and drainage system should be consistent with the laboratory module, reasonable layout, easy maintenance, pipeline should be as short as possible, avoid crossing. Water supply pipes and drainage pipes should be arranged along the wall, column, pipe well, experimental platform clamp cavity, fume hood lining plate and other parts, shall not be arranged in the water will quickly decompose, cause combustion, explosion or damage of the items, as well as above the valuable instruments and equipment; The pipe of the general laboratory can be clearly installed and laid, and should be hidden as far as possible in the laboratory with higher safety requirements. All the pipes of the dark installation should be set up in the control valve for maintenance.

 

4. The water supply and drainage system should be designed flexibly, and some facilities should be reserved to ensure the reliability and continuous operation of the laboratory.

 

The horizontal water supply pipe of the downward feed type should be laid above the bottom aisle or under the basement roof; The upper and lower feed water horizontal main pipe should be laid in the top pipeline technology layer or the top aisle above; Non-frozen areas can be laid on the roof, from the water supply pipe into the laboratory each branch pipe, should be equipped with a valve.

 

5. The location of each water point in the laboratory must be scientifically positioned and laid in advance, and the water point should be located near the wall as far as possible to facilitate the setting of the water point and meet the needs of future transformation.